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Foundry is a variety of casting methods to obtain the metal molding objects, that is, the smelting of liquid metal, with pouring, pressure injection, inhalation or other foundry methods into the pre-prepared foundry, after cooling, after grinding and other subsequent processing means, the object obtained with a certain shape, size and performance.
Features
Foundry is a variety of casting methods to obtain the metal molding objects, that is, the smelting of liquid metal, with pouring, pressure injection, inhalation or other foundry methods into the pre-prepared foundry, after cooling, after grinding and other subsequent processing means, the object obtained with a certain shape, size and performance.
Foundries have a variety of classification methods: according to the different metal materials used, is divided into cast steel, cast iron, cast copper, cast aluminum, cast magnesium, cast zinc, cast titanium and so on. And each type of foundries can be further divided into different types according to its chemical composition or metallurgical organization. Such as cast iron can be divided into gray cast iron, ductile iron, creep cast iron, malleable cast iron, alloy cast iron, etc.; according to the foundry of different molding methods, can be divided into ordinary sand foundry, metal foundry, die foundry, centrifugal foundry, continuous pouring, mold foundry, ceramic foundry, electro-slag remelting foundry, bimetallic foundry, etc.. Among them, the most common sand foundry applications, accounting for about 80% of all foundry production. And aluminum, magnesium, zinc and other non-ferrous metal foundries, mostly die foundries.
Appearance quality, internal quality and use quality. Appearance quality refers to the foundry surface roughness, surface defects, size deviation, shape deviation, weight deviation; internal quality mainly refers to the foundry of the chemical composition, physical properties, mechanical properties, metallurgical organization, as well as the existence of the foundry of the internal holes, cracks, inclusions, segregation, etc.; the use of quality refers to the foundry of the endurance of the work under different conditions, including abrasion resistance, corrosion resistance, resistance to extreme heat and cold, fatigue, vibration and other properties and process properties such as cutability and weldability. Performance, as well as being cut, weldability and other process performance.
Foundry quality has a great impact on the performance of mechanical products. For example, machine tool foundries wear resistance and dimensional stability, directly affecting the accuracy of the machine tool to maintain life; various types of pumps, impellers, housings, and hydraulic parts of the inner cavity of the size, accuracy and surface roughness of the profile, directly affecting the pump and the hydraulic system efficiency, energy consumption and the development of cavitation, etc.; internal combustion engine cylinder block, cylinder head, cylinder liner, piston rings, exhaust pipe and other foundry strength and resistance to cold and heat, directly affecting the working life of the engine. Engine life.
Many factors affecting the quality of foundries, the first is the foundry design process. Design, in addition to working conditions and metal material properties to determine the foundry geometry, size, but also from the foundry alloy and foundry process characteristics of the perspective of the rationality of the design, that is, the size effect of the obvious and solidification, shrinkage, stress and other issues, in order to avoid or reduce the foundry of the composition of the segregation, deformation, cracking and other defects. Secondly, there should be a reasonable foundry process. That is, according to the foundry structure, weight and size, foundry alloy characteristics and production conditions, select the appropriate parting surface and modeling, core making methods, reasonable setting of foundry tendons, cold iron, risers and pouring systems. To ensure that the quality of foundries. The third is the quality of raw materials for foundry. Metal charge, refractory materials, fuels, fluxes, densifiers, and foundry sand, sand binder, paint and other materials of substandard quality, the foundry will produce air holes, pinholes, slag, sticky sand and other defects, affecting the appearance of the foundry quality and internal quality, and in serious cases, the foundry will make the foundry scrapped. The fourth is the process operation, to develop a reasonable process operating procedures, improve the technical level of workers, so that the process regulations are correctly implemented.
Foundry production, to control the quality of foundries and inspection. First of all, to develop from raw materials, auxiliary materials to each specific product control and inspection of the process code and technical conditions. Each process is in strict accordance with the code of technology and technical conditions for control and inspection. Finally, the finished foundries for quality inspection. To be equipped with reasonable testing methods and appropriate testing personnel. Generally on the appearance of the foundry quality, can be compared with the sample block to determine the surface roughness of the foundry; the surface of the fine cracks can be coloring method, magnetic particle method of inspection. The internal quality of foundries, available audio, ultrasound, eddy current, X-ray and γ-ray methods to check and judge.
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