Blast Furnace Equipment

Blast furnace is made of steel plate and lined with refractory bricks. The blast furnace body is divided into 5 parts from top to bottom: furnace throat, furnace body, furnace waist, furnace belly and furnace cylinder. Due to the good technical and economic indicators of the blast furnace ironmaking, simple process, large production, high labour productivity, low energy consumption and other advantages, so this method of iron production accounted for the vast majority of the world's total iron production.

Blast furnace production from the top of the furnace loaded with iron ore, coke, slagging with flux (limestone), from the furnace is located in the lower part of the furnace along the perimeter of the air blowing into the preheated air. The carbon in the coke (some blast furnaces also blow pulverised coal, heavy oil, natural gas and other auxiliary fuels) combusts with the oxygen in the air at high temperature to produce carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and the oxygen in the iron ore is removed in the process of rising in the furnace, so that the iron is reduced. The molten iron is released from the iron outlet. The unreduced impurities in the iron ore and limestone and other fluxes combine to form slag, which is discharged from the slag opening. The gas produced is discharged from the top of the furnace, and after dust removal, it is used as fuel for hot blast furnace, heating furnace, coke oven, boiler and so on. The main product of blast furnace smelting is pig iron, and the by-products are blast furnace slag and blast furnace gas.